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手板模型制作對產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì)有哪些影響？
來源：http://www.faxuemingjia.com作者：山東嘉瑞杰機(jī)械科技有限公司發(fā)布時(shí)間：2022-01-04
在產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì)過程中，當(dāng)我們完成設(shè)計(jì)圖紙后，想做的就是知道我們設(shè)計(jì)的是什么樣的東西，外觀是否符合我們的設(shè)計(jì)理念，結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)是否合理。為了滿足這一需求，我們制造了扶手板。一般來說，手板是根據(jù)產(chǎn)品外觀或結(jié)構(gòu)圖制作的一個(gè)或多個(gè)功能模板，在不開模的情況下檢查外觀或結(jié)構(gòu)的合理性。
In the process of product design, when we complete the design drawings, what we want to do is to know what we design, whether the appearance conforms to our design concept and whether the structural design is reasonable. In order to meet this demand, we have manufactured handrail plates. Generally speaking, the hand board is one or more functional templates made according to the product appearance or structure diagram. The rationality of the appearance or structure is checked without opening the mold.
手模板制作在整個(gè)工業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)系統(tǒng)中占有非常重要的地位。為企業(yè)進(jìn)行外觀和結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)檢驗(yàn)，降低產(chǎn)品研發(fā)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，快速將產(chǎn)品推向市場提供了可靠的依據(jù)。
Hand template making plays a very important role in the whole industrial design system. It provides a reliable basis for enterprises to carry out appearance and structural design inspection, reduce product R & D risk and quickly bring products to the market.
【1】 手板模型的主要生產(chǎn)方法有數(shù)控加工、激光快速成型和小批量生產(chǎn)硅膠復(fù)制品。當(dāng)需要小批量生產(chǎn)時(shí)，可以采用硅膠模具或快速模具來實(shí)現(xiàn)小批量生產(chǎn)。
【1】 The main production methods of hand model include NC machining, laser rapid prototyping and small batch production of silica gel replicas. When small batch production is required, silica gel mould or rapid mould can be used to realize small batch production.
【2】 手板模型制作功能
【2】 Handboard model making function
1。外觀設(shè)計(jì)檢查
1。 Appearance design inspection
手板不僅可見，而且可觸摸。它能以實(shí)物的形式直接反映設(shè)計(jì)者的創(chuàng)造力，避免了“畫得好看，做得不好看”的弊端。因此，在新產(chǎn)品開發(fā)和產(chǎn)品形態(tài)評價(jià)過程中，手板生產(chǎn)是必不可少的。
The hand board is not only visible, but also touchable. It can directly reflect the creativity of designers in the form of physical objects, and avoid the disadvantages of "good-looking painting but not good-looking doing". Therefore, in the process of new product development and product form evaluation, hand board production is essential.
2.檢查結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)
2. Check the structural design
由于手板可以組裝，可以直觀地反映結(jié)構(gòu)的合理性和安裝的難度。盡早發(fā)現(xiàn)和解決問題是很方便的。
Because the hand board can be assembled, it can intuitively reflect the rationality of the structure and the difficulty of installation. It is convenient to find and solve problems as soon as possible.
三.避免直接開模的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)
III Avoid the risk of direct mold opening
由于模具制造成本高，較大的模具價(jià)值幾十萬甚幾百萬。如果在開模過程中發(fā)現(xiàn)結(jié)構(gòu)不合理等問題，損失可想而知。但手工板制造可以避免這種損失，降低開模風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。
Due to the high cost of mold manufacturing, the larger mold is worth hundreds of thousands or even millions. If problems such as unreasonable structure are found during mold opening, the loss can be imagined. However, manual plate manufacturing can avoid this loss and reduce the risk of mold opening.
四。使產(chǎn)品提前上市
Four. Bring products to market in advance
由于手工制作的性，在模具開發(fā)前，甚在前期的銷售和生產(chǎn)準(zhǔn)備工作中，都可以利用手工制作的產(chǎn)品進(jìn)行宣傳，以便盡早占領(lǐng)市場。
Because of the advanced nature of handmade, the handmade products can be propagandize before the development of the mould, even in the early stage of sales and production preparation, so as to occupy the market as early as possible.
【3】 手工模型對產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì)有什么影響？
【3】 What impact does manual model have on product design?
由于模型制作不同于開式模具的加工和成形，仍然存在許多缺點(diǎn)，并會對產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì)帶來一定的影響。模型到達(dá)后，需要做一些檢查，一個(gè)是處理檢查，另一個(gè)是設(shè)計(jì)檢查。
Because model making is different from the processing and forming of open die, there are still many shortcomings, which will have a certain impact on product design. After the model arrives, some checks need to be done, one is processing check, the other is design check.
一.加工檢驗(yàn)
I Processing inspection
A.外觀模型是否與設(shè)計(jì)相符，表面處理工藝是否與設(shè)計(jì)相符，整體效果是否達(dá)到預(yù)期效果。
A. Whether the appearance model is consistent with the design, whether the surface treatment process is consistent with the design, and whether the overall effect reaches the expected effect.
B、 檢查結(jié)構(gòu)模型是否可以裝配，是否存在干涉，是否存在設(shè)計(jì)干涉或模型處理干涉，模型是否與3D一致。
B. Check whether the structural model can be assembled, whether there is interference, whether there is design interference or model processing interference, and whether the model is consistent with 3D.
C.模型參數(shù)是否在設(shè)計(jì)的合理可控范圍內(nèi)？扶手板的制造公差一般在0.5-1.5之間。產(chǎn)品越大，公差越大，鈑金件變化越大。因此，有必要在模型制造說明書上做特殊的標(biāo)記，這些是關(guān)鍵尺寸零件，需要做到位，哪些是匹配尺寸，哪些是需要控制的，都應(yīng)該清楚標(biāo)明。
C. Are the model parameters within the reasonable and controllable range of the design? The manufacturing tolerance of handrail plate is generally between 0.5-1.5. The larger the product, the greater the tolerance, and the greater the change of sheet metal parts. Therefore, it is necessary to make special marks on the model manufacturing instructions. These are key size parts that need to be made in place. Which are matching sizes and which need to be controlled should be clearly marked.
D、 如果零件數(shù)量有遺漏，不要在那個(gè)時(shí)候安裝機(jī)器。如果零件短缺，那就麻煩了。
D. If the number of parts is missing, do not install the machine at that time. If there is a shortage of parts, it will be troublesome.
2.設(shè)計(jì)檢查
2. Design inspection
A.外觀模型到手后，應(yīng)進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì)判斷，檢查外形是否美觀，拆卸件比例是否協(xié)調(diào)，表面處理是否合理。
A. After the appearance model is obtained, design judgment shall be carried out to check whether the appearance is beautiful, whether the proportion of disassembled parts is coordinated, and whether the surface treatment is reasonable.
B、 結(jié)構(gòu)模型到手后，需要判斷裝配后是否存在結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)缺陷，是模型加工引起的，還是結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)引起的。比如：扣，設(shè)計(jì)的扣合是0.4，實(shí)際裝配后很松，所以要確定是模型加工不到位，導(dǎo)致扣合量減少，所以很松，還是扣臂強(qiáng)度太長太弱，需要檢測。
B. After the structural model is obtained, it is necessary to judge whether there are structural design defects after assembly, which are caused by model processing or structural design. For example, the designed buckle is 0.4, which is very loose after actual assembly. Therefore, it is necessary to determine whether the model processing is not in place, resulting in the reduction of buckle amount, so it is very loose, or the strength of buckle arm is too long and weak, which needs to be tested.
C、 鈑金件需要檢測材料的厚度、變形和強(qiáng)度。鈑金件加工變形引起的裝配問題，是設(shè)計(jì)中未考慮的加工變形引起的裝配問題，或模型廠加工引起的產(chǎn)品變形，也需要檢測和考慮。
C. Sheet metal parts need to detect the thickness, deformation and strength of materials. The assembly problem caused by the processing deformation of sheet metal parts is the assembly problem caused by the processing deformation not considered in the design, or the product deformation caused by the processing of the model factory, which also needs to be detected and considered.
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